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Initials
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The phonetic symbols of putonghua comprises 21 initials that are consonants beginning a syllable.
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Syllables
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  Most Syllables in Chinese are composed of initials , finals and tones . A small number of syllables, however, have only finals and tones , but not initials , e.g. There are as many as 1200 syllables in putonghua.
  b����˫����������������˫�����գ���ס������Ȼ���ɿ�˫���ų��������������񶯡�
  An unaspirated voiceless plosive sound. It is pronounced by keeping the lips tightly closed to block the air ,but then opening them to let the air out. The vocal cords do not vibrate.

p����˫��������������������λ��b��ͬ����Ҫʹ�����͵شӿ��г�����������񶯡�����b���Ӧ����������
  An unaspirated voiceless plosive sound. It is pronounced in position for "b", but explodes with a strong puff of air . The vocal cords do not vibrate . It is a corresponding sound to "b " but an aspirated one.

m ˫���DZǡ�˫�����գ������´����������ӱ�ǻ�����������񶯡�
  An unaspirated bilabial nasal. It is pronounced by keeping the lips tightly closed and the soft palate dropped to force the air out through the nose. The vocal cords vibrate.

f ������������´����ϳݽӴ����γ�һ�����죬������������ĥ���������������񶯡�
  An aspirated voiceless alveolar plosive . It is pronoumced by raising the tongne tip against the upper teethridge to block the air and then putting it down to release the air . The vocal cords do not vibrate.